The Hawkins Memorial Lecture
From Materials to Manufacturing: Strategies to Enable the Thermal Management of Wide Bandgap Electronics
Samuel Graham Jr., Dean of Engineering, University of Maryland
Thursday, October 6, 2022
11:30 a.m., WALC 2007
Abstract: Wide bandgap electronics are currently under development due to their potential to create some of the most advanced RF, optoelectronic and power electronics in the world. Applications include visible and UV LEDs and laser diodes, 5G communications, radar systems, and inverters and converters for electrical power systems. The growth of materials based on gallium nitride and more recently gallium oxide is expected to help create technological advancements in each of these areas. As these nitride and oxide semiconductors are being developed, there are a number of new materials, manufacturing techniques, and thermal and mechanical metrology methods that must be concurrently created to help ensure the transition of these materials to their intended applications. Key concerns are scalable methods for growing and packaging the devices, materials and architectures needed to ensure efficient thermal management, and the control of stresses to prevent device failure.
In this talk, we will discuss a range of materials and device architectures that are being developed to enable efficient heat dissipation from both GaN and Ga2O3 devices starting at the device level. We will also cover a range of thermal and stress metrology methods that we have developed to enable the measurement of temperature and stresses in the devices both under steady state and transient operation. Finally, an actively cooled power substrate that is being developed for packaging power devices will be presented. At each step, we will show how considerations for materials development, metrology techniques, and methods for scalable manufacturing are necessary to help transition these advancements to applications.
Biography: Dr. Samuel Graham is the Nariman Farvardin Professor and Dean of Engineering at the University of Maryland. Prior to joining the University of Maryland, he was a professor and chair of the Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology. He holds a joint appointment with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, serves on the Emerging Technologies Technical Advisory Committee for the U.S. Department of Commerce, and the Engineering Science Research Foundation of Sandia National Laboratories. His research expertise is in the thermal characterization and reliability of wide bandgap semiconductor technologies for power electronics and advanced RF communications. In addition, his group works on strategies for energy thermal energy storage using phase change materials for build energy systems.
History of the Hawkins Lecture
This annual lecture series was established in 1984 to honor the memory of George A. Hawkins, former Dean of the Schools of Engineering. Renowned for his many contributions as a teacher, researcher, and administrator, he retained a strong commitment to heat transfer and was instrumental in establishing Purdue’s eminence in the field. The lecture provides an opportunity for a leader in heat transfer research to present topics of broad interest to the University community. This series is supported by an endowment created with gifts from the Heat Transfer Area faculty at Purdue.
George A. Hawkins was born in Denver, Colorado in 1907. He attended the Colorado School of Mines and the University of Denver before coming to Purdue where he received three degrees. Dr. Hawkins earned his Ph.D. in 1935 and began an academic career that spanned 41 years. Promoted to Professor of Mechanical Engineering in 1942, he was Dean of the Schools of Engineering from 1953 to 1967 and Vice President of Academic Affairs from 1967 until his retirement in 1971. In addition to his administrative duties, he continued with technical pursuits, writing several textbooks and more than 150 papers and articles dealing with heat transfer, thermodynamics, and other engineering areas.
For his technical, professional, and administrative contributions, he received many honors, including election as member of the National Academy of Engineering, Life Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), Fellow of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE), and Honorary Member of the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE). He received the ASME/Pi Tau Sigma Gold Medal in 1940. As dean, he was instrumental in effecting major changes in engineering education throughout the U.S., and was awarded the ASEE Medal for Distinguished and Meritorious Service in 1968. He was named National President of ASEE in 1970.
One of his strongest professional commitments was to the subject of heat transfer, and he had an important influence on establishing Purdue as a world leader in this area. In the 1930s and 1940s, he was, with William McAdams on the East Coast, M. Jakob in the Midwest, and L.M.K. Boelter on the West Coast, a major force in promoting the transition of heat transfer from an engineering art to a modern form of engineering strongly based on scientific fundamentals. His early work as a pioneer of heat transfer is well-documented. His program flourished, producing many outstanding graduate students who have enjoyed successful careers in industry, academia, and government.
Following his retirement in 1971, Dr. Hawkins continued to be active until his death in 1978.
Past Speakers
2022 Samuel Graham, University of Maryland
2021 John Bischof, University of Minnesota
2021 Cristina Amon, University of Toronto
2019 Cynthia Hipwell, Texas A&M University
2018 Costas P. Grigoropoulos, University of California Berkeley
2017 Mehmet Toner, Harvard Medical School (photo)
2016 Suhas V. Patankar, University of Minnesota
2015 Kenneth E. Goodson, Stanford University
2014 Jean-Jacques Greffet, Institute Optique Palaiseau-France
2013 Jayathi Murthy, Purdue University
2012 Gang Chen, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2011 Chung K. Law, Princeton University
2010 Arun Majumdar, U.S. Department of Energy
2009 Mamoru Ishii, School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University
2008 Paul Hommert, California Laboratories and Homeland Security & Defense Strategic Management Unit, Sandia National Laboratories
2007 Richard O. Buckius, National Science Foundation and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
2006 Yogesh Jaluria, Rutgers University
2005 Massoud Kaviany, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
2004 Dimos Poulikakos, ETH Zurich
2003 John H. Sununu, JHS Associates, Ltd.
2002 Kenneth R. Diller, University of Texas - Austin
2001 Martin C. Jischke, Purdue University
2000 Robert G. Watts, Tulane University
1999 Vijay K. Dhir, University of California - Los Angeles
1998 David P. DeWitt, Purdue University
1997 Boris Rubinsky, University of California - Berkeley
1996 Frank P. Incropera, Purdue University
1995 John R. Howell, University of Texas - Austin
1994 Julian Szekely, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
1993 Robert Siegel, NASA Lewis Research Center
1992 Richard C. Chu, International Business Machines Corporation
1991 R. J. Goldstein, University of Minnesota
1990 Raymond Viskanta, Purdue University
1989 Franz Mayinger, Technische Universität München
1988 Wataru Nakayama, Hitachi, Ltd.
1987 Chang-Lin Tien, University of California - Berkeley
1986 Arthur E. Bergles, Iowa State University
1985 E. M. Sparrow, University of Minnesota
