Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Theory

This course covers fundamental aspects of magnetic resonance imaging systems with an emphasis on theory, methodology, and instrumentation. Key principles are derived from the Bloch equations and Maxwell’s equations. Topics include pulse sequences, signal acquisition, spatial encoding in k-space, image reconstruction, and tissue contrast. Major components of an MRI scanner are examined, including the static magnet, gradient and shim coils, transmit and receive chains, and radiofrequency coils and arrays. Learning outcomes are assessed by solving problem sets integrating theory with practical applications. As a final research project, students survey recent literature to identify a specialized topic of interest and deliver a peer-evaluated presentation to the class.

BME55500/ECE59500

Credit Hours:

3

This course covers fundamental aspects of magnetic resonance imaging systems with an emphasis on theory, methodology, and instrumentation. Key principles are derived from the Bloch equations and Maxwell’s equations. Topics include pulse sequences, signal acquisition, spatial encoding in k-space, image reconstruction, and tissue contrast. Major components of an MRI scanner are examined, including the static magnet, gradient and shim coils, transmit and receive chains, and radiofrequency coils and arrays. Learning outcomes are assessed by solving problem sets integrating theory with practical applications. As a final research project, students survey recent literature to identify a specialized topic of interest and deliver a peer-evaluated presentation to the class. 

Required Text(s):

None.

Recommended Text(s):

  1. Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Physical Principles and Sequence Design , 2nd Edition , Robert Brown, Yu-Chung Cheng, Mark Haacke, Michael Thompson, Ramesh Venkatesan , Wiley , 2014 , ISBN No. 978-0-47-172085-0
  2. Principles of Magnetic Resonance Imaging , 1.2 Edition , Dwight Nishimura , Lulu.com , 2016

Learning Outcomes

A student who successfully fulfills the course requirements will have demonstrated an ability to:

  • formulate and solve MRI magnetic field problems using Maxwell???s Equations
  • formulate and solve MRI spin and relaxation problems using the Bloch Equations
  • analyze radiofrequency coils with sources and passive elements
  • communicate a special topic related to MRI to an audience
  • acquire and apply new knowledge from recent MRI literature

Lecture Outline:

Lectures Lecture Topics
Topics Introduction to spin systems & relaxation; The rotating frame; Fourier transforms, spin echoes, B0 gradients & the NMR signal; k-Space; Sequences and image equations; Radial acquisition schemes, chemical shift, fat/water imaging; Fast imaging sequences, EPI; MR scanner components; The static magnet, shim coils, gradient system, eddy currents;
Topics Biot-Savart Law, Intro to RF coils: surface coils; Revisiting signal, noise sources, Q-factors, CNR, and SNR; Volume RF coils; Receive array coils, array signal combination; Accelerated parallel imaging: SMASH, SENSE, GRAPPA, parallel transmission; Volumetric imaging; Intro to flow imaging: phase contrast & noncontrast flow imaging; Intro to diffusion imaging: DWI & DTI; Dia-, para-, and ferromagnetism, intro to susceptibility imaging; Intro to MRS; Numerical modeling & FDTD

Assessment Method:

Exams, Homework, Presentations