Theoretical Modeling Articles

2020

Leidenfrost Point (LFP) Model – Sessile Droplet:
Cai, C., Mudawar, I., Liu, H., and Si, C., 2020, “Theoretical Leidenfrost Point (LFP) Model for Sessile Droplet,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 146, 118802. Download PDF
Artificial Neural Network Model - Flow Boiling in Mini/Micro-channels:
Qiu, Y., Garg, D., Zhou, L., Kharangate, C.R., Kim, S., Mudawar, I., 2020, “An Artificial Neural Network Model to Predict Mini/micro-channels Saturated Flow Boiling Heat Transfer Coefficient Based on Universal Consolidated Data,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 149, 119211. Download PDF
Minimum Heat Flux Wall Temperature Model – Pool Boiling:
Cai, C., Mudawar, I., Liu, H., 2020, “Mechanistic Method to Predicting Minimum Heat Flux Point Wall Temperature in Saturated Pool Boiling,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 156, 119854. Download PDF
Machine Learning Algorithms – Condensation in Mini/Micro-channels:
Zhou, L., Garg, D., Qiu, Y., Kharangate, C.R., Kim, S., Mudawar, I., 2020, “Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Flow Condensation Heat Transfer Coefficient in Mini/micro-channel utilizing Universal Data,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 162, 120351. Download PDF

2019

Annular Flow Boiling Model – Micro-channel Heat Sinks:
Lee, S. and Mudawar, I., 2019, “Enhanced Model for Annular Flow in Micro-channel Heat Sinks, including effects of Droplet Entrainment/Deposition and Core Turbulence,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 133, pp. 510-530. Download PDF
Two-phase Loop Instability Model:
Lee, S., V.S., Devahdhanush, and Mudawar, I., 2019, “Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Flow Loop Induced Instabilities in Micro-channel Heat Sinks,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 140, pp. 303-330. Download PDF
Annular Condensation Model – Orientation Effects:
O’Neill, L.E., Ramaswamy, R., Nahra, H.K., Hasan, M.M., and Mudawar, I., 2019, “Flow condensation heat transfer in a smooth tube at different orientations: Experimental results and predictive models,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 140, pp. 533-563. Download PDF

2018

Density Wave Oscillations Model – Vertical Upflow Boiling:
O’Neill, L.E., and Mudawar, I., 2018, “Mechanistic Model to Predict Frequency and Amplitude of Density Wave Oscillations in Vertical Upflow Boiling,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 123, pp. 143-171. Download PDF

2017

Flow Condensation Model – Gravity Negation Criteria:
O’Neill, L.E., Park, I., Chirag R. Kharangate, C.R., V.S., Devahdhanush, Ganesan, V., and Mudawar, I., 2017, “Assessment of Body Force Effects in Flow Condensation, Part II: Criteria for Negating Influence of Gravity,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 106, pp. 313-328. Download PDF
Slug Flow Condensation Model – Micro-channels:
Liang, G., Mascarenhas, N., and Mudawar, I., 2017, “Analytical and Experimental Determination of Slug Flow Parameters, Pressure Drop and Heat Transfer Coefficient in Micro-Channel Condensation,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 111, pp. 1218-1233. Download PDF

2016

Flow Boiling CHF Model – Earth Gravity & Microgravity:
Kharangate, C.R., Konishi, C., and Mudawar, I., 2016, “Consolidated Methodology to Predicting Flow Boiling Critical Heat Flux for Inclined Channels in Earth Gravity and for Microgravity,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 92, pp. 467-482. Download PDF
Flow Boiling CHF Model – Parametric Trends:
Kharangate, C.R., O’Neill, L.E., and Mudawar, I., 2016, “Effects of Two-Phase Inlet Quality, Mass Velocity, Flow Orientation, and Heating Perimeter on Flow Boiling in a Rectangular Channel: Part 2 – CHF Experimental Results and Model,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 103, pp. 1280-1296. Download PDF

2015

Annular Flow Condensation Model – Horizontal Tube:
Park I., Lee H. and Mudawar, I., 2015, “Determination of Flow Regimes and Heat Transfer Coefficient for Condensation in Horizontal Tubes,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 80, pp. 698-716. Download PDF
Flow Boiling CHF Model – Microgravity:
Konishi, C., Lee, H., Mudawar, I., Hasan, M.M., Nahra, H.K., Hall, N.R., Wagner, J.D., May, R.L., and Mackaey, J.R., 2015, “Flow Boiling in Microgravity: Part 2 – Critical Heat Flux Interfacial Behavior, Experimental Data, and Model,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 81, pp. 721-736. Download PDF
Two-phase Choking Models – Micro-channel Heat Sink:
Kim, S.M, Mudawar, I., 2015, “Review of Two-Phase Critical Flow Models and Investigation of the Relationship between Choking, Premature CHF, and CHF in Micro-Channel Heat Sinks,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 87, pp. 497-511. Download PDF

2014

Annual Flow Boiling Model – Mini/micro-channels:
Kim, S.M. and Mudawar, I., 2014, “Theoretical Model for Local Heat Transfer Coefficient for Annular Flow Boiling in Circular Mini/Micro-Channels,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 73, pp. 731-742. Download PDF
Annular Flow Boiling Model – Micro-channels:
Lee H., Park I., Mudawar, I. and Hasan M.M., 2014, “Micro-Channel Evaporator for Space Applications – 2. Assessment of Predictive Tools,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 77, pp. 1231-1249. Download PDF

2013

Annular Flow Condensation Model – Downflow:
Park, I., Kim, S.M. and Mudawar, I., 2013, “Experimental Measurement and Modeling of Downflow Condensation in a Circular Tube,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 57, pp. 567-581. Download PDF
Annular Flow Condensation Model – Microgravity:
Lee, H., Mudawar, I. and Hasan, M.M., 2013, “Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Annular Flow Condensation in Microgravity,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 61, pp. 293-309. Download PDF
Annular Flow Condensation Model – Upflow:
Park, I. and Mudawar, I., 2013, “Climbing Film, Flooding and Falling Film Behavior in Upflow Condensation in Tubes,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 65, pp. 44-61. Download PDF
Saturated Boiling CHF Model – Gravity Negation Criteria:
Konishi, C., Mudawar, I. and Hasan, M.M., 2013, “Criteria for Negating the Influence of Gravity on Flow Boiling Critical Heat Flux with Two-Phase Inlet Conditions,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 65, pp. 203-218. Download PDF

2012

Saturated Boiling CHF Model – Vertical Upflow:
Kharangate, C.R. and Mudawar, I. and Hasan, M.H., 2012, “Experimental and Theoretical Study of Critical Heat Flux in Vertical Upflow with Inlet Vapor Void,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 55, pp. 360-374. Download PDF
Annular Flow Condensation Model – Micro-channels:
Kim, S.M. and Mudawar, I., 2012, “Theoretical Model for Annular Flow Condensation in Rectangular Micro-Channels,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 55, pp. 958-970. Download PDF
Spray Volumetric Flux Distribution Model – Concave Wall:
Mascarenhas, N. and Mudawar, I., 2012, “Methodology for Predicting Spray Quenching of Thick-Walled Metal Alloy Tubes,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 55, pp. 2953-2964. Download PDF
Saturated Flow Boiling CHF Model – Horizontal Flow:
Kharangate, C.R. and Mudawar, I. and Hasan, M.H., 2012, “Photographic Study and Modeling of Critical Heat Flux in Horizontal Flow Boiling with Inlet Vapor Void,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 55, pp. 4154-4168. Download PDF
Cross-flow Micro-channel Heat Exchanger Model:
Northcutt, B. and Mudawar, I., 2012, “Enhanced Design of Cross-Flow Micro-Channel Heat Exchanger for High-Performance Aircraft Gas Turbine Engines,” Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 134, 061801-1. Download PDF

2011

Cross-flow Micro-channel Heat Exchanger Model:
Nacke, R., Northcutt B. and Mudawar, I., 2011, “Theory and Experimental Validation of Cross-Flow Micro-Channel Heat Exchanger Module with reference to High Mach Aircraft Turbine Engines,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 54, pp. 1224-1235. Download PDF

2010

Heat Diffusion Models – Different Micro-channel Geometries:
Kim, S.M. and Mudawar, I., 2010, “Analytical Heat Diffusion Models for Different Micro-Channel Heat Sink Cross-Sectional Geometries,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 53, pp. 4001-4016. Download PDF
Heat Diffusion Model – Circular Micro-channels:
Kim, S.M. and Mudawar, I., 2010, “Analytical Heat Diffusion Models for Heat Sinks with Circular Micro-Channels,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 53, pp. 4552-4566. Download PDF
Spray Volumetric Flux Distribution Model – Convex Wall:
Mascarenhas, N. and Mudawar, I., 2010, “Analytical and Computational Methodology for Modeling Spray Quenching of Solid Metal Alloy Cylinders,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 53, pp. 5871-5883. Download PDF

2009

Fast Transient Bubble Growth Model – Capillary Pumped Loop Startup:
LaClair, T.J. and Mudawar, I., 2009, “Theoretical Model for Fast Bubble Growth in Small Channels with Reference to Startup of Capillary Pumped Loops used in Spacecraft Thermal Management Systems,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 52, pp. 716-723. Download PDF
Subcooled Flow Boiling Pressure Drop Model – Micro-channels:
Lee, J. and Mudawar, I., 2009, “Experimental Investigation and Theoretical Model for Subcooled Flow Boiling Pressure Drop in Micro-Channel Heat Sinks,” Journal of Electronic Packaging, Vol. 131, 031008. Download PDF

2008

Spray Volumetric Flux Model – Inclined Spray:
Visaria, M. and Mudawar, I., 2008, “Theoretical and Experimental Study of the Effects of Spray Inclination on Two-Phase Spray Cooling and Critical Heat Flux,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 51, pp. 2398-2410. Download PDF

2007

Subcooled Flow Boiling CHF Model – Earth Gravity & Microgravity:
Zhang, H., Mudawar, I., and Hasan, M.M., 2007, “CHF Model for Subcooled Flow Boiling in Earth Gravity and Microgravity,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 50, pp. 4039-4051. Download PDF
Hydrogen Reactor Model:
Zhang, J., Zheng, Y., Gore, J.P., Mudawar, I., and Fisher, T.S., 2007, “1kWe Sodium Borohydride Hydrogen Generation System – Par II: Reactor Modeling,” Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 170, pp. 150-159. Download PDF

2006

Emissivity Algorithms – Rough Surfaces:
Wen, C.-D. and Mudawar, I., 2006, “Modeling the Effects of Surface Roughness on the Emissivity of Aluminum Alloys,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 49, pp. 4279-4289. Download PDF
Emissivity Algorithms:
Wen, C.-D. and Mudawar, I. , 2006, “Mathematical Determination of Emissivity and Surface Temperature of Aluminum Alloys using Multispectral Radiation Thermometry,” International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 33, pp. 1063-1070. Download PDF

2005

Emissivity Algorithms – Smooth Surfaces:
Wen, C.-D. and Mudawar, I., 2005, “Emissivity Characteristics of Polished Aluminum Alloys and Assessment of Multispectral Radiation Thermometry (MRT) Emissivity Models,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 48, pp. 1316-1329. Download PDF
Flow Boiling CHF Model – Microgravity:
Zhang, H., Mudawar, I., and Hasan, M.M., 2005, “Flow Boiling CHF in Microgravity,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 48, pp. 3107-3118. Download PDF

2004

Emissivity Algorithms – Rough Surfaces:
Wen, C.-D. and Mudawar, I., 2004, “Emissivity Characteristics of Roughened Aluminum Alloy Surfaces and Assessment of Multispectral Radiation Thermometry (MRT) Emissivity Models,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 47, pp. 3591-3605. Download PDF
Flow Boiling CHF Model – Body Force Effects:
Zhang, H., Mudawar, I., and Hasan, M.M., 2004, “A Method for Assessing the Importance of Body Force on Flow Boiling CHF,” Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 126, pp. 161-168. Download PDF
Leidenfrost Point Model – Droplets & Sprays:
Bernardin, J.D. and Mudawar, I., 2004, “A Leidenfrost Point Model for Impinging Droplets and Sprays,” Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 126, pp. 272-278. Download PDF
Flow Boiling Pressure Drop Model – Micro-channels:
Qu, W., Yoon, S.-M., and Mudawar, I., 2004, “Two-Phase Flow and Heat Transfer in Rectangular Micro-Channels,” Journal of Electronic Packaging, Vol. 126, pp. 288-300. Download PDF

2003

Flow Boiling Pressure Drop Model – Micro-channels:
Qu, W. and Mudawar, I., 2003, “Measurement and Prediction of Pressure Drop in Two-Phase Micro-Channel Heat Sinks,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 46, pp. 2737-2753. Download PDF
Annular Flow Boiling Heat Transfer Model – Micro-channels:
Qu, W. and Mudawar, I., 2003, “Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Two-Phase Micro-Channel Heat Sinks – II. Annular Two-Phase Flow Model,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 46, pp. 2773-2784. Download PDF
Pumpless Two-phase Flow Loop Model:
Mukherjee, S. and Mudawar, I., 2003, "Smart Pumpless Loop for Micro-Channel Electronic Cooling using Flat and Enhanced Surfaces," IEEE Transactions-CPMT: Components and Packaging Technologies, Vol. 26, pp. 99-109. Download PDF
Pumpless Two-phase Flow Loop Model:
Mukherjee, S. and Mudawar, I., 2003, “Pumpless Loop for Narrow Channel and Micro-Channel Boiling,” Journal of Electronic Packaging, Vol. 125, pp. 431-441. Download PDF

2002

Incipient Flow Boiling Model – Micro-channel Heat Sink:
Qu, W. and Mudawar, I., 2002, ”Prediction and Measurement of Incipient Boiling Heat Flux in Micro-Channel Heat Sinks,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 45, pp. 3933-3945. Download PDF
Flow Boiling CHF Model – Orientation Effects:
Zhang, H., Mudawar, I., and Hasan, M.M., 2002, “Experimental and Theoretical Study of Orientation Effects on Flow Boiling CHF,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 45, pp. 4463-4478. Download PDF
Minimum Heat Flux Model - Pool Boiling:
Bernardin, J.D. and Mudawar, I., 2002, "A Cavity Activation and Bubble Growth Model of the Leidenfrost Point," Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 124, pp. 864-874. Download PDF

2000

Model for Thermal Transients – Capillary Pumped Loop Evaporator:
LaClair, T.J. and Mudawar, I., 2000, “Thermal Transients in a Capillary Evaporator Prior to the Initiation of Boiling,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 43, pp. 3937-3952. Download PDF

1999

Pool Boiling CHF Model – Inclined Surface:
Howard, A.H. and Mudawar, I., 1999, "Orientation Effects on Pool Boiling Critical Heat Flux (CHF) and Modeling of CHF for Near-Vertical Surfaces," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 42, pp. 1665-1688. Download PDF
Flow Boiling CHF Model – One-sided Heating:
Sturgis, J.C. and Mudawar, I., 1999, "Critical Heat Flux in a Long, Rectangular Channel Subjected to One-Sided Heating - II. Analysis of Critical Heat Flux Data," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 42, pp. 1849-1862. Download PDF
Flow Boiling CHF Model – Long Concave Heater:
Sturgis, J.C. and Mudawar, I., 1999, "Critical Heat Flux in a Long, Curved Channel Subjected to Concave Heating," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 42, pp. 3831-3848. Download PDF

1997

Pool Boiling CHF Model – Vertical Surface:
Mudawar, I., Howard, A.H. and Gersey, C.O., 1997, "An Analytical Model for Near-Saturated Pool Boiling Critical Heat Flux on Vertical Surfaces," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 40, pp. 2327-2339. Download PDF

1996

Model of combined Material Transformation Kinetics & Heat Transfer in Spray Quenching:
Hall, D.D. and Mudawar, I., 1996, "Optimization of Quench History of Aluminum Parts for Superior Mechanical Properties," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 39, pp. 81-95. Download PDF
Spray Volumetric Flux Distribution Model:
Mudawar, I. and Estes, K.A., 1996, "Optimizing and Predicting CHF in Spray Cooling of a Square Surface," Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 118, pp. 672-679. Download PDF

1995

Flow Boiling CHF Model – One-sided Heating:
Gersey, C.O. and Mudawar, I., 1995, "Effects of Heater Length and Orientation on the Trigger Mechanism for Near-Saturated Flow Boiling CHF - II. CHF Model," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 38, pp. 643-654. Download PDF
Model of combined Material Transformation Kinetics & Heat Transfer in Spray Quenching:
Bernardin, J.D. and Mudawar, I., 1995, "Validation of the Quench Factor Technique in Predicting Hardness of in Heat Treatable Aluminum Alloys," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 38, pp. 863-873. Download PDF
Model of combined Material Transformation Kinetics & Heat Transfer in Spray Quenching:
Hall, D.D. and Mudawar, I., 1995, "Predicting the Impact of Quenching on Mechanical Properties of Complex-Shaped Aluminum Alloy Parts," Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 117, pp. 479-488. Download PDF
Flow Boiling CHF Model – Short Concave Heater:
Galloway, J.E. and Mudawar, I., 1995, "A Theoretical Model for Flow Boiling CHF from Concave Heaters," Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 117, pp. 698-707. Download PDF

1994

Flow Boiling Pressure Drop Model – Mini/micro-channel Heat Sinks:
Bowers, M.B. and Mudawar, I., 1994, "High Flux Boiling in Low Flow Rate, Low Pressure Drop Mini-Channel and Micro-Channel Heat Sinks," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 37, pp. 321-332. Download PDF
Heat Diffusion Model – Mini/micro-channel Heat Sinks:
Bowers, M.B. and Mudawar, I., 1994, "Two-Phase Electronic Cooling using Mini-Channel and Micro-Channel Heat Sinks - Part 1. Design Criteria and Heat Diffusion Constraints," Journal of Electronic Packaging, Vol. 116, pp. 290-297. Download PDF
Compressibility, Flashing & Choking Model – Mini/micro-channel Heat Sinks:
Bowers, M.B. and Mudawar, I., 1994, "Two-Phase Electronic Cooling using Mini-Channel and Micro-Channel Heat Sinks - Part 2. Flow Rate and Pressure Drop Constraints," Journal of Electronic Packaging, Vol. 116, pp. 298-305. Download PDF

1993

Interfacial Lift-off Flow boiling CHF Model:
Galloway, J.E. and Mudawar, I., 1993, "CHF Mechanism in Flow Boiling from a Short Heated Wall-Part 2. Theoretical CHF Model," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 36, pp. 2527-2540. Download PDF
Velocity Profile Model – Laminar Film Falling on Vertical Cylinder:
Mudawar, I. and Houpt, R.A., 1993, "Mass and Momentum Transport in Smooth Falling Liquid Films Laminarized at Relatively High Reynolds Numbers," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 36, pp. 3437-3448. Download PDF
Statistical Models – Turbulent Wavy Falling Film:
Mudawar, I. and Houpt, R.A., 1993, "Measurement of Mass and Momentum Transport in Wavy-Laminar Falling Liquid Films," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 36, pp. 4151-4162. Download PDF
Nucleate Pool Boiling Curve Model – Enhanced Surfaces:
Mudawar, I. and Anderson, T.M., 1993, "Optimization of Enhanced Surfaces for High Flux Chip Cooling by Pool Boiling," Journal of Electronic Packaging, Vol. 115, pp. 89-100. Download PDF

1991

Statistical Models – Turbulent Wavy Falling Film:
Lyu, T.H. and Mudawar, I., 1991, "Statistical Investigation of the Relationship Between Interfacial Waviness and Sensible Heat Transfer to a Falling Liquid Film," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 34, pp. 1451-1464. Download PDF

1989

Incipient Boiling Model – Turbulent Falling Film:
Marsh, W.J. and Mudawar, I., 1989, "Predicting the Onset of Nucleate Boiling in Wavy Free-Falling Turbulent Liquid Films," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 32, pp. 361-378. Download PDF
Flow Boiling Sublayer Jet CHF Model:
Maddox, D.E. and Mudawar, I., 1989, "Critical Heat Flux in Subcooled Flow Boiling of Fluorocarbon Liquid on a Simulated Electronic Chip in a Rectangular Channel," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 32, pp. 379-394. Download PDF
Flow Boiling Sublayer Dryout CHF Model – Reactor Rod Bundles:
Lin, W.S., Pei, B.S., Lee, C.H., and Mudawwar, I., 1989, "A Theoretical Critical Heat Flux Model for Rod Bundles under PWR Conditions," Nuclear Technology, Vol. 85, pp. 213-226. Download PDF

1988

Heat Transfer Model – Wavy Heated Falling film:
Shmerler, J.A. and Mudawwar, I., 1988, "Local Heat Transfer Coefficient in Wavy Free-Falling Turbulent Liquid Films Undergoing Uniform Sensible Heating," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 31, pp. 67-77. Download PDF
Heat Transfer Model – Wavy Evaporating Falling film:
Shmerler, J.A. and Mudawwar, I., 1988, "Local Evaporative Heat Transfer Coefficient in Turbulent Free-Falling Liquid Films," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 31, pp. 731-742. Download PDF
Flow Boiling Sublayer Dryout CHF Model:
Lee, C.H. and Mudawwar, I., 1988, "A Mechanistic Critical Heat Flux Model for Subcooled Flow Boiling Based on Local Bulk Flow Conditions," International Journal of Multiphase Flow, Vol. 14, pp. 711-728. Download PDF

1987

Flow Boiling Sublayer Jet CHF Model – Falling Liquid Film:
Mudawwar, I., Incropera, T.A., and Incropera, F.P., 1987, "Boiling Heat Transfer and Critical Heat Flux in Liquid Films Falling on Vertically-Mounted Heat Sources," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 30, pp. 2083-2095. Download PDF

1986

Eddy Diffusivity Model - Turbulent Falling Film:
Mudawwar, I. and El-Masri, M.A., 1986, "Momentum and Heat Transfer Across Freely-Falling Turbulent Liquid Films," International Journal of Multiphase Flow, Vol. 12, pp. 771-790. Download PDF

1985

Flow Boiling CHF Model - Rotating Liquid Film:
Mudawwar, I., El-Masri, M.A., Wu, C.S., and Ausman-Mudawwar, J.R., 1985, "Boiling Heat Transfer and Critical Heat Flux in High-Speed Rotating Liquid Films", International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 28, pp. 795-806. Download PDF