The Purdue Reference Hierarchy, commonly referred to as ISA 95, was first developed in the 1970s for the process industry. That architecture decomposed all the manufacturing functions into levels based on two dimensions: time and space. Functions at the top levels execute over longer time horizons and larger physical spaces. Functions at the bottom levels execute over much shorter time horizons and much smaller physical spaces. 

Those functions can be group into cognitive functions and physical functions. Until the advent of computers, all of the cognitive functions were executed by people. Starting from the late 80s more and more of those cognitive functions have been executed by software applications. Nevertheless, the fundamental functional architecture remained a hierarchy.  

The recent explosion of cloud services and new ideas such as IOT and Industrie 4.0, are changing manufacturing in fundamental ways. In this presentation, we propose a new, network-based, functional architecture and discuss some of the implications that architecture has on control and operations. We also discuss some of the implications of that architecture on future of Industrial Engineering. 

Dr. Albert Jones has spent close to thirty years at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Currently, he is the Scientific Advisor for the Systems Integration Division in the Engineering Lab. Before this, he managed the Enterprise Systems Group for more than ten years. The Group focused on supply chain integration, management, and logistics. Prior to that, he was Deputy Director of the Automated Manufacturing Research Facility at NIST. Dr. Jones has published more than two dozen journal papers and fifty conference papers. He is on the Engineering Advisory Boards at Morgan State University and Loyola University. Before coming to NIST, he held faculty positions at Loyola University and Johns Hopkins University. He holds a PhD in Industrial Engineering from Purdue University (1978), an MS in Mathematics from Purdue University (1972), and a BA in Mathematics from Loyola College (1970).