Ultra High Flux Irradiation (UHFI) Lab

Ultra High Flux Irradiation (UHFI) laboratory is an extension of the IMPACT facility. UHFI contains various in- and ex-situ experimental facilities: uniquely designed and well-diagnosed facility for testing the performances of plasma facing materials (PFMs) in near ITER- like environment at laboratory scale . The only constraints which are missing are T (can be substituted with D) and neutron irradiation. The effects of neutrons (experimentally) can be performed using energetic self-ion irradiation as surrogate. Other facilities include low energy and high flux ion irradiations in extreme conditions, Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD), RF sputter deposition, Thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS), and optical-reflectivity measurements.

In-situ testing performances of PFMs in Nearly Ideal Nuclear Fusion environments at laboratory scale

1. Simultaneous loading of Dual Ion Beam Irradiation, Transient Heat (0.30 - 1.5 GW m-2), and Steady-State Heat ( upto 4 MJ m -2)
2. Simultaneous loading of Single Ion Beam Irradiation, Transient Heat (0.30 - 1.5 GW m-2), and Steady-State Heat ( upto 4 MJ m -2)
3. Dual Ion Beam Irradiation, transient, and steady state heat loading
4. Transient and steady state heat loading in ELMs Condition
5. Eroded mass measurement via. QCM (quartz crystal microbalance) and witness plate
6. Custom designed ion beam irradiation experiments (if required)

Major Component:

1. Custom designed cylindrical UHV chamber [view ports: eight 6 inch and eight 2 and three quarter inch (horizontal orientation), eight 2 and three quarter (vertically shifted horizontal plane), and one 4 and half (45 degree from vertical); all the view ports are centered to the supercenter of the UHV chamber]
2. Separate fast entry load lock in the top of the UHV chamber
3. Two broad beam ion source guns
4. GSI Lumonics Nd: YAG laser (1064 nm, 1 Hz, 1 ± 0.1 ms pulse width).
5. Miyachi America Corp.; LW25A laser (1064 nm, 25 W power, 0.2-10 ms, 1-30 Hz, ~ 3 mm beam dia. Flat-top spatially and temporally and beam shape).
6. Heat load during these transient events is expected in the range of 0.2 - 2.0 MJ m−2 ( normal ITER tokamak conditions ), with a duration of 0.1 - 1 ms
7. K type thermocouple and highly sensitive Pyrometer @ two color sensor
8. Fast-gated ICCD camera for recording the wavelength dispersed signal. Imaging laser ablation plumes is accomplished using an ICCD
9. QCM (quartz crystal microbalance) for ablated mass measurement

Single and dual ion beam irradiation in extreme conditions

1. Broad-beam, low-energy, high-flux ion source gun [both, in horizontally and vertical orientations]
2. X, Y, and Z moment of sample and direct mounting of sample on heater
3. Temperature measurement using K-type thermocouple and highly sensitive Pyrometer
4. Thermal-feedback mechanism in sample heater for correcting simultaneously the ion-induced heating of samples during experiments.

Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy (TDS)

1. Ramping of surface temperature and simultaneous measurement of the intensity of the desorbed particles via. residual gas analyzer (RGA
2. PID-controlled sample heater to achieve steady and constant temperature ramping rates. Heaters utilize a combination of resistive and electron beam heating
3. Maximum usable temperature ~1100 K
4. Capability to detect molecules up to 100 amu with a mass resolution of ~0.5 amu.
5. High-resolution quadrupole mass spectrometer (for separating D (2.014 amu), D2(4.028 amu), and He (4.002 amu)) [planned]

Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) Epitaxial Ultra-thin Film & Multilayers

1. "Q-Smart 450" ns laser (1064 nm (450 mJ), 532 nm (220 mJ), 355 nm (130 mJ); 10Hz, 5 ns)
2. 2-inch diameter target with precise controlled rotation capability
3. 2-inch programmable substrate heater (compatible with O2 up to 1 atmosphere) where substrate can be mounted directly. Heater is fully programable & mounted on XYZ movable manipulator
4. Substrate temperature upto 1223K
5. K type thermocouple and highly sensitive Pyrometer @ two color sensor
6. Fast-gated ICCD camera for recording the wavelength dispersed signal. Imaging laser ablation plumes is accomplished using an ICCD
7. QCM (quartz crystal microbalance) for ablated mass measurement
8. LEED & RHEED (planned)

RF sputter and ion beam assisted deposition

1. Two sputter deposition guns at 45º from substrate normal
2. Additional sputter ion gun installed (in substrate normal direction)
3. For achieving simultaneous sputtering from substrate. The specific design (convergence of all 3 ion source guns on a single point, supercenter) allows us to perform ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD).

For further details of UHFI systems please contact: jtripat@purdue.edu or hassanein@purdue.edu