Synthesis and Formulation

Synthesis and formulation involve creating tailored energetic materials. Improved sensitivity, toxicity and lifetime are key drivers for these new materials. PERC researchers are also interested in developing disruptive materials that are tunable, switchable, and multi-functional. Applications include advanced propellants, enhanced explosives and novel pyrotechnics.

Machine Learning and Computer Modeling

Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning (AI/ML), and Computer Modeling: AI/ML and Computer Modeling utilize advanced computational programs to predict, analyze, and improve energetic materials and their applications. Artificial intelligence encompasses machine learning. Together, these technologies involve the development of algorithms that can be trained on data to make increasingly more accurate classifications, descriptions, or predictions. Computer modeling helps researchers describe complex chemical or mechanical behaviors with precision in space and time. AI/ML techniques are growing rapidly, and these models can aid researchers in predicting outcomes or material properties from large datasets. These tools can be used to discover new energetic molecules with superior performance, and to explain the behavior of energetic materials in a wide range of conditions.

Advanced Manufacturing

Advanced Manufacturing: Advanced Manufacturing (AM) in energetic materials includes new and novel manufacturing processes such as 3D printing and directed energy deposition, continuous flow synthesis, continuous flow crystallization, and semi-continuous mixing. Creating and developing advanced manufacturing techniques will allow researchers increased control of and reliability in the properties of the energetics. From improved adhesion to precision sizing and shaping, advanced manufacturing opens opportunities for applications in propellants, explosives, and pyrotechnics.

Diagnostics and Characterization

Diagnostic and characterization efforts are primarily aimed at improving our ability to study energetic materials during dynamic events. A variety of laser-spectroscopy and imaging techniques are currently being developed and applied to study propellant flames, explosions and detonations, shock impact and electromagnetic stimulation. These efforts employ ultrafast-, burst-mode-, hyperspectral-, and wavelength-modulation-spectroscopy techniques, as well as high-speed and ballistic imaging to provide non-intrusive, time-resolved measurements of chemical species, temperature, pressure, and velocity.