Publications

Efficient Computing Security and Privacy Applied and Physical AI

OpenCowID: Zero-Shot Visual Identification of Dairy Cows

Omkar Prabhune and Younghyun Kim

Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), 2026

Zero-shot learning Open-set identification Precision agriculcure

Energy-Conscious Bitrate Selection and Budget Allocation for Live Video Transcoding Systems Using Deep Reinforcement Learning

Kyeongmin Kim, Younghyun Kim, and Minseok Song

Future Generation Computer Systems, 2025

Efficient video transcoding RL-based control

Celebrating Three Decades of IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design

Kapil Dev, Jerald Yoo, Younghyun Kim, and Srividhya Venkataraman

IEEE Design & Test, 2025

Conference report

MooBot: RAG-based Video Querying System for Dairy Cattle Behavior and Health Insights

Unmesh Raskar, Omkar Prabhune, Hien Vu and Younghyun Kim

Computer Vision for Animal Behavior Tracking and Modeling (CV4Animals) Workshop, 2025

RAG-based video querying AI for precision agriculture Precision agriculcure Animal welfare

🌟 Spotlight Poster

MmCows: A Multimodal Dataset for Dairy Cattle Monitoring

Hien Vu, Omkar Chandrakant Prabhune, Unmesh Raskar, Dimuth Panditharatne, Hanwook Chung, Christopher Choi and Younghyun Kim

Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), 2024

Wearable and wireless sensing Multimodal ML AI for precision agriculture Precision agriculcure Animal welfare

Energy Budget-Aware Video Quality Management in Transcoding Servers using Deep Reinforcement Learning under Dynamic Popularity Change

KyeongMin Kim, Younghyun Kim and Minseok Song

International Green and Sustainable Computing Conference (IGSC), 2024

Efficient video transcoding RL-based control

🏆 Best Paper Award

Platform Design for Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning using Homomorphic Encryption

Hokeun Kim, Younghyun Kim and Hoeseok Yang

Forum on Specification & Design Languages (FDL), 2024

Homomorphic computing Privacy-preserving ML Federated learning

I see an IC: A Mixed-Methods Approach to Study Human Problem-Solving Processes in Hardware Reverse Engineering

René Walendy, Markus Weber, Jingjie Li, Steffen Becker, Carina Wiesen, Malte Elson, Younghyun Kim, Kassem Fawaz, Nikol Rummel and Christof Paar

Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI), 2024

Hardware reverse engineering HCI

Exploring the Interplay between Interaction Experience and Security Perception of Payment Authentication in Virtual Reality

Jingjie Li, Sunpreet Singh Arora, Kassem Fawaz, Younghyun Kim, Can Liu, Sebastian Meiser, Mohsen Minaei, Maliheh Shirvanian and Kim Wagner

Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), 2024

Payment authentication Security perception Virtual reality

Content-aware Input Scaling and Deep Learning Computation Offloading for Low-latency Embedded Vision

Omkar Prabhune, Tianen Chen and Younghyun Kim

Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Embedded Vision Workshop (CVPR EVW), 2024

Computation offloading Embedded vision Content awarness

Subcutaneous Temperature Monitoring through Ear Tag for Heat Stress Detection in Dairy Cows

Hanwook Chung, Hien Vu, Younghyun Kim and Christopher Y. Choi

Biosystems Engineering, 2023

Wearable sensing AI for precision agriculture Precision agriculcure Animal welfare

Advancing Cattle Welfare: Ultra Low-power Health Monitoring at the Edge

Yigit Tuncel, Toygun Basaklar, Mackenzie Smithyman, João Dórea, Vinícius Nunes De Gouvêa, Younghyun Kim and Umit Ogras

Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS), 2023

Wearable sensing AI for precision agriculture Precision agriculcure Animal welfare

eTag: An Energy-Neutral Ear Tag for Real-Time Body Temperature Monitoring of Dairy Cattle

Hien Vu, Hanwook Chung, Christopher Y. Choi and Younghyun Kim

International Conference on Mobile Computing And Networking (MobiCom), 2023

Wearable sensing Energy haversting Precision agriculture Animal welfare

Cost-effective, Quality-oriented Transcoding of Live-streamed Video on Edge-servers

Dayoung Lee, Younghyun Kim and Minseok Song

IEEE Transactions on Services Computing (IEEE TCS), 2023

Efficient video transcoding Edge computng

It's up to the Consumer to be Smart: Understanding the Security and Privacy Attitudes of Smart Home Users on Reddit

Jingjie Li, Kaiwen Sun, Brittany Skye Huff, Anna Marie Bierley, Younghyun Kim, Florian Schaub and Kassem Fawaz

Symposium on Security and Privacy (S&P), 2023

Security and privacy attitudes Qualitative content analysis Smart devices

Towards Smart Cattle Farms: Automated Inspection of Cattle Health with Real-Life Data

Yigit Tuncel, Toygun Basaklar, Mackenzie Smithyman, João Dórea, Vinícius Nunes De Gouvêa, Younghyun Kim and Umit Ogras

Design Automation and Test in Europe (DATE), 2023

Wearable sensing AI for precision agriculture Precision agriculcure Animal welfare

Latent Weight-based Pruning for Small Binary Neural Networks

Tianen Chen, Noah Anderson and Younghyun Kim

Asia South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC), 2023

Binary neural networks Weight pruning

Indoor-monitoring LiDAR Sensor for Alzheimer Patients Residing in Long-term Care Facilities

Ji-Eun Joo, Yu Hu, Sujin Kim, Hyunji Kim, Sunyoung Park, Ji-Hoon Kim, Younghyun Kim and Sung Min Park

Sensors, 2022

Pose recognition On-device ML Privacy-preseving monitoring LiDAR sensor Alzheimer's disease

A Domain-specific System-on-chip Design for Energy Efficient Wearable Edge AI Applications

Yigit Tuncel, Anish Krishnakumar, Aishwarya Lekshmi Chithra, Younghyun Kim and Umit Ogras

International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design (ISLPED), 2022

Domain-specific SoC Wearable devices Edge AI

uBrain: A Unary Brain Computer Interface

Di Wu, Jingjie Li, Zhewen Pan, Younghyun Kim and Joshua San Miguel

International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA), 2022

Unary computing Stochastic computing Motor imagery classification Brain-computer interface

Establishing Trust in Vehicle-to-vehicle Coordination: A Sensor Fusion Approach

Jakob Veselsky, Jack West, Isaac Ahlgren, Abinav Goel, Wenxin Jiang, Kyuin Lee, Younghyun Kim, James C. Davis, George K. Thiruvathukal and Neil Klingensmith

Workshop on Data-Driven and Intelligent Cyber-Physical Systems for Smart Cities (DI-CPS), 2022

Trust establishment Vehicular network Sensor fusion

AeroKey: Using Ambient Electromagnetic Radiation for Secure and Usable Wireless Device Authentication

Kyuin Lee, Yucheng Yang, Omkar Prabhune, Aishwarya Lekshmi Chithra, Jack West, Kassem Fawaz, Neil Klingensmith, Suman Banerjee and Younghyun Kim

Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies (ACM IMWUT), 2022

Zero-interaction pairing and authentication Usable security Electromagnetic radiation

SynthNet: A High-throughput yet Energy-efficient Combinational Logic Neural Network

Tianen Chen, Taylor Kemp and Younghyun Kim

Asia South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC), 2022

Logic neural networks Binary neural networks Efficient DNN

Dual-line Data Collection Scheme for Efficient Mobile Sink Operation in Solar-Powered Wireless Sensor Network

Seungwoo Lee, Minjae Kang, Younghyun Kim, Ikjune Yoon and Dong Kun Noh

International Green and Sustainable Computing Conference (IGSC), 2021

Wireless sensor networks Energy harvesting Drones

Balancing Security and Usability of Zero-interaction Pairing and Authentication for the Internet-of-Things

Kyuin Lee and Younghyun Kim

Workshop on CPS & IoT Security and Privacy (CPSIoTSec), 2021

Zero-interaction pairing and authentication Usable security

PEDRO: Secure Pedestrian Mobility Verification in V2P Communication using COTS Mobile Devices

Yucheng Yang, Kyuin Lee, Younghyun Kim and Kassem Fawaz

Workshop on CPS & IoT Security and Privacy (CPSIoTSec), 2021

Mobility verification Mobile computing Vehicle-to-pedestrian communication

UNO: Virtualizing and Unifying Nonlinear Operations for Emerging Neural Networks

Di Wu, Jingjie Li, Setareh Behroozi, Younghyun Kim and Joshua San Miguel

International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design (ISLPED), 2021

Approximate nonlinear operations Emerging neural networks

🏆 Speical Issue on IEEE Micro Top Picks

uGEMM: Unary Computing for GEMM Applications

Di Wu, Jingjie Li, Ruokai Yin, Hsuan Hsiao, Younghyun Kim and Joshua San Miguel

IEEE Micro, 2021

Unary computing GEMM architecture Multi-layer percepetron

Kalεido: Real-Time Privacy Control for Eye-Tracking Systems

Jingjie Li, Amrita Roy Chowdhury, Kassem Fawaz and Younghyun Kim

USENIX Security Symposium (Security), 2021

Eye-tracking privacy Differential privacy HCI

Moonshine: An Online Randomness Distiller for Zero-Involvement Authentication

Jack West, Kyuin Lee, Suman Banerjee, Younghyun Kim, George K. Thiruvathukal and Neil Klingensmith

International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (IPSN), 2021

Zero-interaction pairing and authentication Usable security

Scheduling of Iterative Computing Hardware Units for Accuracy and Energy Efficiency

Setareh Behroozi, Yao Yao, Hoeseok Yang and Younghyun Kim

International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), 2021

Approximiate computing Energy-quality tradeoff

HW/SW Framework for Improving the Safety of Implantable and Wearable Medical Devices

Malin Prematilake, Younghyun Kim, Vijay Raghunathan, Anand Raghunathan and Niraj K. Jha

arXiv preprint arXiv:2103.01781, 2021

Implantable and wearable medical devices Safety framework

MIPAC: Dynamic Input-Aware Accuracy Control for Dynamic Auto-Tuning of Iterative Approximate Computing

Taylor Kemp, Yao Yao and Younghyun Kim

Asia South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC), 2021

Approximiate computing Energy-quality tradeoff ML-based quality control

AxFTL: Exploiting Error Tolerance for Extending Lifetime of NAND Flash Storage

Yongwoo Lee, Jaehyun Park, Junhee Ryu and Younghyun Kim

International Conference on Compilers, Architecture, and Synthesis for Embedded Systems (CASES), 2020

Approximiate storage Flash translation layer

Efficient FEC Scheme for Solar-Powered WSNs Considering Energy and Link-Quality

Gun Wook Gil, Minjae Kang, Younghyun Kim, Ikjune Yoon and Dong Kun Noh

Energies, 2020

Wireless sensor network Energy Harvesting Forward error correction

Solar-CTP: An Enhanced CTP for Solar-Powered Wireless Sensor Networks

Seok Hyun Cheong, Minjae Kang, Younghyun Kim, Minho Park, Jinho Park and Dong Kun Noh

IEEE Access, 2020

Wireless sensor network Energy Harvesting Collection tree protocol

Energy-Efficient Cluster Management Using a Mobile Charger for Solar-Powered Wireless Sensor Networks

Youngjae Son, Minjae Kang, Younghyun Kim, Ikjune Yoon and Dong Kun Noh

Sensors, 2020

Wireless sensor network Energy Harvesting

ivPair: Context-Based Fast Intra-Vehicle Device Pairing for Secure Wireless Connectivity

Kyuin Lee, Neil Klingensmith, Dong He, Suman Banerjee and Younghyun Kim

Conference on Security and Privacy in Wireless and Mobile Networks (WiSec), 2020

Zero-interaction pairing and authentication Usable security Vibration

Using Implantable Biosensors and Wearable Scanners to Monitor Dairy Cattle's Core Body Temperature in Real-Time

Hanwook Chung, Jingjie Li, Younghyun Kim, Jennifer Van Os, Sabrina Brounts and Christopher Choi

Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2020

Wearable and wireless sensing Precision agriculcure Animal welfare

🏆 Micro Top Pick

uGEMM: Unary Computing Architecture for GEMM Applications

IEEE Micro Top Pick

International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA), 2020

Unary computing GEMM architecture Multi-layer percepetron

Approximate Hardware Techniques for Energy-Quality Scaling Across the System

Younghyun Kim, Joshua San Miguel, Setareh Behroozi, Tianen Chen, Kyuin Lee, Yongwoo Lee, Jingjie Li and Di Wu

International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communication (ICEIC), 2020

Approximate computing Survey

MicPrint: Acoustic Sensor Fingerprinting for Spoof-Resistant Mobile Device Authentication

Yongwoo Lee, Jingjie Li and Younghyun Kim

International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems: Computing, Networking and Services (MobiQuitous), 2019

Zero-interaction pairing and authentication Usable security Microphone

Velody: Nonlinear Vibration Challenge-Response for Resilient User Authentication

Jingjie Li, Kassem Fawaz and Younghyun Kim

Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2019

Biometric authentication Usable security Challenge-response Protocol Hand-surface vibration response

VoltKey: Continuous Secret Key Generation based on Power Line Noise for Zero-Involvement Pairing and Authentication

Kyuin Lee, Neil Klingensmith, Suman Banerjee and Younghyun Kim

Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies (ACM IMWUT), 2019

Zero-interaction pairing and authentication Usable security Powerline noise

SAADI-EC: A Quality-Configurable Approximate Divider for Energy Efficiency

Jackson Melchert, Setareh Behroozi, Jingjie Li and Younghyun Kim

IEEE Transactions on VLSI Systems (IEEE TVLSI), 2019

Approximate computing Arithmetic unit Division

SECO: A Scalable Accuracy Approximate Exponential Function via Cross-Level Optimization

Di Wu, Tianen Chen, Chien-Fu Chen, Oghenefego Ahia, Joshua San Miguel, Mikko Lipasti and Younghyun Kim

International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design (ISLPED), 2019

Approximate computing Arithmetic unit Exponential function

Fast Pareto Front Exploration for Design of Reconfigurable Energy Storage

Dawon Park and Younghyun Kim

IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems (IEEE TCAD), 2019

Energy storage Design space exploration

A Hypervisor-Based Privacy Agent for Mobile and IoT Systems

Neil Klingensmith, Younghyun Kim and Suman Banerjee

International Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications (HotMobile), 2019

Privacy agent Hypervisor-based security

SAADI: A Scalable Accuracy Approximate Divider for Dynamic Energy-Quality Scaling

Setareh Behroozi, Jingjie Li, Jackson Melchert and Younghyun Kim

Asia South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC), 2019

Approximate computing Arithmetic unit Division

Continuous and Wireless Skin Contact and Ear Implant Temperature Measurements and Relations to the Core Body Temperature of Heat Stressed Dairy Cows

Hanwook Chung, Jingjie Li, Mario Mondaca, Younghyun Kim and Christopher Y. Choi

International Livestock Environment Symposium (ILES), 2018

Wearable and wireless sensing Precision agriculcure Animal welfare

SyncVibe: Fast and Secure Device Pairing through Physical Vibration on Commodity Smartphones

Kyuin Lee, Vijay Raghunathan, Anand Raghunathan and Younghyun Kim

International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD), 2018

Secure device pairing Out-of-band Communication Vibration-based data transmission

A Quality-Configurable Approximate Serial Bus for Energy-Efficient Sensory Data Transfer

Setareh Behroozi, Vijay Raghunathan, Anand Raghunathan and Younghyun Kim

IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems (IEEE JETCAS), 2018

Approximate communication Image recognition Serial bus Sensor data encoding

CamPUF: Physically Unclonable Function based on CMOS Image Sensor Fixed Pattern Noise

Younghyun Kim and Yongwoo Lee

Design Automation Conference (DAC), 2018

Physically unclonable function Secure device authentication Fixed pattern noise Image sensor

🏆 ISLPED 2018 Low-Power Design Contest Award

AxSerBus: A Quality-Configurable Approximate Serial Bus for Energy-Efficient Sensing

Younghyun Kim, Setareh Behroozi, Vijay Raghunathan and Anand Raghunathan

International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design (ISLPED), 2017

Approximate communication Image recognition Serial bus Sensor data encoding

Design and Management of Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid Electrical Energy Storage Systems for Regulation Services

Younghyun Kim, Vijay Raghunathan and Anand Raghunathan

IEEE Transactions on Multi-Scale Computing Systems (IEEE TMSCS), 2017

Hybrid energy storage Regulation services Design optimization

🏆 Best Paper Candiate, 🏆 ISLPED 2017 Low-Power Design Contest Award

TeleProbe: Zero-power Contactless Probing for Implantable Medical Devices

Woo Suk Lee, Younghyun Kim and Vijay Raghunathan

International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design (ISLPED), 2016

Implantable medical devices Zero-power probing

Energy-Efficient System Design for IoT Devices

Hrishikesh Jayakumar, Arnab Raha, Younghyun Kim, Soubhagya Sutar, Woo Suk Lee and Vijay Raghunathan

Asia South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC), 2016

Energy-efficient IoT Design space exploration

Vibration-based Secure Side Channel for Medical Devices

Younghyun Kim, Woo Suk Lee, Vijay Raghunathan, Niraj K. Jha and Anand Raghunathan

Design Automation Conference (DAC), 2015

Secure side channel Key exchange Implantable medical devices

Efficiency-Driven Design Time Optimization of a Hybrid Energy Storage System with Networked Charge Transfer Interconnect

Qing Xie, Younghyun Kim, Donkyu Baek, Yanzhi Wang, Massoud Pedram and Naehyuck Chang

Design Automation and Test in Europe (DATE), 2015

Hybrid energy storage Energy optimizaiton

Single-Source, Single-Destination Charge Migration in Hybrid Electrical Energy Storage Systems

Yanzhi Wang, Xue Lin, Younghyun Kim, Qing Xie, Massoud Pedram and Naehyuck Chang

IEEE Transactions on VLSI Systems (IEEE TVLSI), 2014

Hybrid energy storage Energy optimizaiton

Principles and Efficient Implementation of Charge Replacement in Hybrid Electrical Energy Storage Systems

Qing Xie, Younghyun Kim, Yanzhi Wang, Jaemin Kim, Naehyuck Chang and Massoud Pedram

IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics (IEEE TPE), 2014

Hybrid energy storage Energy optimizaiton

Design and Management of Hybrid Electrical Energy Storage Systems for Regulation Services

Younghyun Kim, Anand Raghunathan and Vijay Raghunathan

International Green Computing Conference (IGCC), 2014

Hybrid energy storage Regulation services Design optimization

Powering the Internet of Things

Hrishikesh Jayakumar, Kangwoo Lee, Woo Suk Lee, Arnab Raha, Younghyun Kim and Vijay Raghunathan

International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design (ISLPED), 2014

Energy-efficient IoT Energy harvesting

Architecture and Control Algorithms for Combating Partial Shading in Photovoltaic Systems

Yanzhi Wang, Xue Lin, Younghyun Kim, Naehyuck Chang and Massoud Pedram

IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems (IEEE TCAD), 2014

Photovoltaic systems Partial shading

🏆 ISLPED 2012 Low-Power Design Contest Award

A Scalable and Flexible Hybrid Energy Storage System Design and Implementation

Younghyun Kim, Jason Koh, Qing Xie, Yanzhi Wang, Naehyuck Chang and Massoud Pedram

Journal of Power Sources, 2014

Hybrid energy storage System prototype

Storage-less and Converter-less Maximum Power Point Tracking of Photovoltaic Cells for a Nonvolatile Microprocessor

Cong Wang, Naehyuck Chang, Younghyun Kim, Sangyoung Park, Yongpan Liu, Hyunggyu Lee, Rong Luo and Huazhong Yang

Asia South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC), 2014

Intermittent computing Energy harvesting