#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <assert.h>

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
    
    int numbers_on_stack[] = { 10, 11, 12 };
    // (gdb) whatis numbers_on_stack
    // type = int[3]
    //
    // REASON:   int numbers_on_stack[]  = { 10, 11, 12 };
    //    ... is equivalent to
    //           int numbers_on_stack[3] = { 10, 11, 12 };
    //
    // (gdb) p sizeof(numbers_on_stack)
    // $1 = 12
    //
    // REASON:  4 bytes per int  x  3 ints per int[3]  =  12 bytes per int[3]
    //
    // If variable is on the stack (i.e., declared using square brackets), then
    // sizeof will give you the size of one element times the number of elements.
    //
    // sizeof(numbers_on_stack) because
    //   - numbers_on_stack is type int[4]
    //   - each element (such as numbers_on_stack[0]) is type int.
    //     - int consumes 4 bytes each (on our platform)
    //   - there are 3 elements
    //   - 4 bytes per int x 3 ints per int[4] = 12 bytes
    //
    // SUMMARY:  sizeof(«array on the stack») is different from sizeof(«address»).
    //           Look at how the variable was declared.

    int* a_first_number = &(numbers_on_stack[0]);

    int* numbers_on_heap = malloc(3 * sizeof(*numbers_on_heap));
    numbers_on_heap[0] = 10;
    numbers_on_heap[1] = 11;
    numbers_on_heap[2] = 12;

    free(numbers_on_heap);
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
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