{"id":1007,"date":"2026-08-01T08:09:06","date_gmt":"2026-08-01T13:09:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/?p=1007"},"modified":"2026-08-01T08:09:09","modified_gmt":"2026-08-01T13:09:09","slug":"bo-yang-nicholas-richter-huan-li-zhongxia-shang-zihao-he-hongyi-dou-jianan-shen-r-edwin-garcia-noam-bernstein-c-stephen-hellberg-haiyan-wang-xinghang-zhang-dislocation-enabled-plasticity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/2026\/08\/01\/bo-yang-nicholas-richter-huan-li-zhongxia-shang-zihao-he-hongyi-dou-jianan-shen-r-edwin-garcia-noam-bernstein-c-stephen-hellberg-haiyan-wang-xinghang-zhang-dislocation-enabled-plasticity\/","title":{"rendered":"Bo Yang, Nicholas Richter, Huan Li, Zhongxia Shang, Zihao He, Hongyi Dou, Jianan Shen, R Edwin Garc\u00eda, Noam Bernstein, C Stephen Hellberg, Haiyan Wang, Xinghang Zhang &#8220;Dislocation-enabled plasticity in rutile TiO2\u2212x\u00a0at room temperature.&#8221; Nanoscale. 17 (35): 20338-20350, 2025."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bo Yang, Nicholas Richter, Huan Li, Zhongxia Shang, Zihao He, Hongyi Dou, Jianan Shen, R Edwin Garc\u00eda, Noam Bernstein, C Stephen Hellberg, Haiyan Wang, Xinghang Zhang &#8220;<em>Dislocation-enabled plasticity in rutile TiO<sub>2\u2212x<\/sub>\u00a0at room temperature.<\/em>&#8221; <strong>Nanoscale<\/strong>. 17 (35): 20338-20350, 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d5nr02684a\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d5nr02684a<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Abstract<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ceramics are widely perceived as brittle. Recent research showed that the deformability of brittle ceramics can be improved by introducing defects,\u00a0<em>e.g.<\/em>, dislocations and stacking faults, into the ceramics using flash sintering. However, many ceramic materials, including TiO<sub>2<\/sub>, have limited room-temperature dislocation mobility. In this work, we explored a potential route to toughen ceramic materials by introducing oxygen vacancies into rutile TiO<sub>2<\/sub>. Nanoindentation method was employed to investigate the deformation behavior of the oxygen-deficient TiO<sub>2\u2212<em>x<\/em><\/sub>. Detailed post-deformation transmission electron microscopy analyses revealed a significant increase in dislocation density. The improved fracture toughness is attributed to the abundant dislocation plasticity in reduced TiO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0with abundant oxygen vacancies. This study provides insight into understanding the influence of point defects and dislocations on the deformation behavior of ceramic materials towards the future designs of ductile ceramics at room temperature.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p class=\"post-excerpt\" class=\"post-excerpt\">Bo Yang, Nicholas Richter, Huan Li, Zhongxia Shang, Zihao He, Hongyi Dou,&hellip;<\/p>\n<div class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/2026\/08\/01\/bo-yang-nicholas-richter-huan-li-zhongxia-shang-zihao-he-hongyi-dou-jianan-shen-r-edwin-garcia-noam-bernstein-c-stephen-hellberg-haiyan-wang-xinghang-zhang-dislocation-enabled-plasticity\/\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Bo Yang, Nicholas Richter, Huan Li, Zhongxia Shang, Zihao He, Hongyi Dou, Jianan Shen, R Edwin Garc\u00eda, Noam Bernstein, C Stephen Hellberg, Haiyan Wang, Xinghang Zhang &#8220;Dislocation-enabled plasticity in rutile TiO2\u2212x\u00a0at room temperature.&#8221; Nanoscale. 17 (35): 20338-20350, 2025.&#8221;<\/span>&hellip;<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/2026\/08\/01\/bo-yang-nicholas-richter-huan-li-zhongxia-shang-zihao-he-hongyi-dou-jianan-shen-r-edwin-garcia-noam-bernstein-c-stephen-hellberg-haiyan-wang-xinghang-zhang-dislocation-enabled-plasticity\/\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> \"Bo Yang, Nicholas Richter, Huan Li, Zhongxia Shang, Zihao He, Hongyi Dou, Jianan Shen, R Edwin Garc\u00eda, Noam Bernstein, C Stephen Hellberg, Haiyan Wang, Xinghang Zhang &#8220;Dislocation-enabled plasticity in rutile TiO2\u2212x\u00a0at room temperature.&#8221; Nanoscale. 17 (35): 20338-20350, 2025.\"<\/span>&hellip;<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[59,77],"class_list":["post-1007","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-papers","tag-dislocations","tag-plasticity","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/peeeSR-gf","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":817,"url":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/2019\/10\/19\/j-li-j-cho-j-ding-h-charalambous-s-xue-h-wang-x-l-phuah-j-jian-x-wang-c-ophus-t-tsakalakos-r-e-garcia-a-k-mukherjee-n-bernstein-c-s-hellberg-h-wang-x-zhang-nanoscale\/","url_meta":{"origin":1007,"position":0},"title":"J. Li, J. Cho, J. Ding, H. Charalambous, S. Xue, H. Wang, X.L. Phuah, J. Jian, X. Wang, C. Ophus, T. Tsakalakos, R.E. Garc\u00eda, A.K. Mukherjee, N. Bernstein, C.S. Hellberg, H. Wang, X. Zhang &#8220;Nanoscale stacking fault\u2013assisted room temperature plasticity in flash-sintered TiO2.&#8221; Science Advances. 5 (9): eaaw5519, 2019.","author":"redwing","date":"10\/19\/2019","format":false,"excerpt":"J. Li, J. Cho, J. Ding, H. Charalambous, S. Xue, H. Wang, X.L. Phuah, J. Jian, X. Wang, C. Ophus, T. Tsakalakos, R.E. Garc\u00eda, A.K. Mukherjee, N. Bernstein, C.S. Hellberg, H. Wang, X. Zhang \"Nanoscale stacking fault\u2013assisted room temperature plasticity in flash-sintered TiO2.\" Science Advances. 5 (9):eaaw5519, 2019;\u00a0https:\/\/advances.sciencemag.org\/content\/5\/9\/eaaw5519?intcmp=trendmd-adv abstract Ceramic\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Papers&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Papers","link":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/category\/papers\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":987,"url":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/2026\/07\/31\/chao-shen-jin-li-tongjun-niu-jaehun-cho-zhongxia-shang-yifan-zhang-anyu-shang-bo-yang-ke-xu-r-edwin-garcia-haiyan-wang-xinghang-zhang-achieving-room-temperature-plasticity-in-brittle-cera\/","url_meta":{"origin":1007,"position":1},"title":"Chao Shen, Jin Li, Tongjun Niu, Jaehun Cho, Zhongxia Shang, Yifan Zhang, Anyu Shang, Bo Yang, Ke Xu, R Edwin Garc\u00eda, Haiyan Wang, Xinghang Zhang &#8220;Achieving room temperature plasticity in brittle ceramics through elevated temperature preloading.&#8221; Science Advances. 10(16): eadj4079, 2024.","author":"redwing","date":"07\/31\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Chao Shen, Jin Li, Tongjun Niu, Jaehun Cho, Zhongxia Shang, Yifan Zhang, Anyu Shang, Bo Yang, Ke Xu, R Edwin Garc\u00eda, Haiyan Wang, Xinghang Zhang \"Achieving room temperature plasticity in brittle ceramics through elevated temperature preloading.\" Science Advances. 10(16): eadj4079, 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.adj4079 Abstract Ceramic materials with high strength and chemical\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Papers&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Papers","link":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/category\/papers\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":993,"url":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/2026\/08\/01\/huan-li-benjamin-stegman-chao-shen-shiyu-zhou-anyu-shang-yang-chen-emiliano-joseph-flores-r-edwin-garcia-xinghang-zhang-haiyan-wang-survey-of-microstructures-and-dimensional-accuracy-of-var\/","url_meta":{"origin":1007,"position":2},"title":"Huan Li, Benjamin Stegman, Chao Shen, Shiyu Zhou, Anyu Shang, Yang Chen, Emiliano Joseph Flores, R Edwin Garc\u00eda, Xinghang Zhang, Haiyan Wang &#8220;Survey of Microstructures and Dimensional Accuracy of Various Microlattice Designs Using Additively Manufactured 718 Superalloy.&#8221; Materials. 17:(17), 4334, 2024.","author":"redwing","date":"08\/01\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Huan Li, Benjamin Stegman, Chao Shen, Shiyu Zhou, Anyu Shang, Yang Chen, Emiliano Joseph Flores, R Edwin Garc\u00eda, Xinghang Zhang, Haiyan Wang \"Survey of Microstructures and Dimensional Accuracy of Various Microlattice Designs Using Additively Manufactured 718 Superalloy.\" Materials. 17:(17), 4334, 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ma17174334 Abstract Microlattices hold significant potential for developing lightweight\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Papers&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Papers","link":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/category\/papers\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":775,"url":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/2018\/10\/09\/h-wang-xl-phuah-j-li-tb-holland-ksn-vikrant-l-qiang-cs-hellberg-n-bernstein-re-garcia-a-mukherjee-x-zhang-h-wang-key-microstructural-characteristics-in-flash-sintered-3ysz-critical-for-e\/","url_meta":{"origin":1007,"position":3},"title":"H Wang, XL Phuah, J Li, TB Holland, KSN Vikrant, L Qiang, CS Hellberg, N Bernstein, RE Garc\u00eda, A Mukherjee, X Zhang, H Wang. &#8220;Key microstructural characteristics in flash sintered 3YSZ critical for enhanced sintering process.&#8221; Ceramics International. 45:1251-1257, 2019.","author":"redwing","date":"10\/09\/2018","format":false,"excerpt":"H Wang, XL Phuah, J Li, TB Holland, KSN Vikrant, L Qiang, CS Hellberg, N Bernstein, RE Garc\u00eda, A Mukherjee, X Zhang, H Wang. \"Key microstructural characteristics in flash sintered 3YSZ critical for enhanced sintering process.\" Ceramics International. 45:1251-1257, 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ceramint.2018.10.007 Abstract To explore the fundamental flash sintering mechanisms in\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Papers&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Papers","link":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/category\/papers\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":764,"url":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/2018\/05\/15\/high-temperature-deformability-of-ductile-flash-sintered-ceramics\/","url_meta":{"origin":1007,"position":4},"title":"J. Cho, Q. Li, H. Wang, Z. Fan, J. Li, S. Xue, K. S. N. Vikrant, H. Wang, T. B. Holland, A. K. Mukherjee, R. E. Garc\u00eda,  X. Zhang \u201cHigh temperature deformability of ductile flash-sintered ceramics via in-situ compression.\u201d Nature Communications.  9: 2063 (2018).","author":"redwing","date":"05\/15\/2018","format":false,"excerpt":"J. Cho, Q. Li, H. Wang, Z. Fan, J. Li, S. Xue, K. S. N. Vikrant, H. Wang, T. B. Holland, A. K. Mukherjee, R. E. Garc\u00eda, X. Zhang \u201cHigh temperature deformability of ductile flash-sintered ceramics via in-situ compression.\u201d Nature Communications. 9:2063 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-018-04333-2 Abstract Flash sintering has attracted significant\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Papers&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Papers","link":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/category\/papers\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1020,"url":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/2026\/08\/01\/c-liu-c-shen-j-shen-b-k-tsai-y-zhang-y-chen-y-zhang-k-xu-d-paul-j-lu-h-li-z-hu-x-sheng-a-wazeer-s-zhou-r-e-garcia-x-zhang-h-wang-in-situ-studies-on-microstructural-evolution-and-the\/","url_meta":{"origin":1007,"position":5},"title":"C Liu, C Shen, J Shen, B K Tsai, Y Zhang, Y Chen, Y Zhang, K Xu, D Paul, J Lu, H Li, Z Hu, X Sheng, A Wazeer, S Zhou, R E Garc\u00eda, X Zhang, H Wang &#8220;In situ Studies on Microstructural Evolution and Thermally Activated Plasticity of (Co, Cu, Mg, Ni, Zn) O High-Entropy Oxide.&#8221; Acta Materialia, 122212, 2026.","author":"redwing","date":"08\/01\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"C Liu, C Shen, J Shen, B K Tsai, Y Zhang, Y Chen, Y Zhang, K Xu, D Paul, J Lu, H Li, Z Hu, X Sheng, A Wazeer, S Zhou, R E Garc\u00eda, X Zhang, H Wang \"In situ Studies on Microstructural Evolution and Thermally Activated Plasticity of (Co,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Papers&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Papers","link":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/category\/papers\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1007","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1007"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1007\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1008,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1007\/revisions\/1008"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1007"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1007"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.purdue.edu\/ComputationalMaterials\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1007"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}